Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2012 May;23(3):269-74. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Paris Z, Fleming IM, Alfonzo JD.
Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Abstract
In
all organisms tRNAs play the essential role of connecting the genetic
information found in DNA with the protein synthesis machinery ensuring
fidelity during translation. Following transcription tRNAs undergo a
number of processing events including numerous post-transcriptional
modifications that render a tRNA molecule fully functional. The effects
of some modifications go beyond simply affecting tRNA structure and can
alter the meaning of the tRNA. This review will summarize the current
state of the tRNA editing field, highlighting how editing affects tRNA
structure and function in various organisms. It will also discuss recent
data that hints at connections between editing and modification that
may be exploited by cells to modulate a tRNA's role in translation.
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